We commend all those agencies committed to best practices of winter maintenance, including using the Sensible Salting approach for snow and ice control. The public expects effective winter maintenance. Effective winter maintenance delivers timely and reliable roadway clearing, protecting drivers against the risks of winter snow- and ice-storms, sensitive to public concerns that tax dollars be spent wisely and the environment protected. Most agencies use their own personnel; some use contractors for some or all of the work. Good training is important to instill the principles of Sensible Salting for all operators, no matter who signs their paycheck. Sensible Salting emphasizes getting the most from every application of salt while maintaining the safest roads possible in the most economical way and protecting the environment.
Proper spreading of road salt, improved equipment, calibration of spreaders, automatic spreader controls, road weather information systems, adequate covered storage and relocation of some stockpiles have combined to make salting of roads the most effective and safest method for snow and ice control. Salt is a necessary and accepted part of our winter environment to assure safety and mobility for the individual motorists, school buses, commercial vehicles and, especially, ambulances, fire engines and other emergency equipment. Delays in reaching victims or getting them to hospitals often is the critical difference between life and death.
But while providing safety and essential mobility, the modern snowfighter must be concerned as well with safeguarding our environment. Environmental problems concerning use and storage of salt need not exist if there is a balanced approach to use of salt for snow and ice control -- one that demonstrates care for the environment as well as for safety and mobility of people.
Winter maintenance procedures are constantly changing. Current practices will be improved and new techniques perfected. But it is unlikely there will ever be a material as efficient, as inexpensive, as safe or as plentiful as sodium chloride, ordinary salt, for removing ice and snow from roads in winter. Therefore, snowfighters need information on the latest and best procedures and techniques for combating winter storms. This training program will help snowfighters give the public the most effective snow and ice control program possible and, therefore, safe winter roads at the least overall cost.
The Salt Institute has been providing well-regarded Sensible Salting snowfighter training for 30 years. Our "traditional" materials drawn from our Snowfighters Handbook are now available online -- as is the full publication as a zipped PDF file (note: this is a large file, 84 MB). These familiar materials are supplemented with new materials released in September, 2000. The new program is designed for trainers at LTAP Centers and trainers working directly for public works agencies. Trainers, particularly in Canada, may also wish to review the Transportation Association of Canada's free downloadable salt management Learning Guide designed to teach operators and supervisors how to follow TAC's nine Syntheses of Best Practices for managing highway salt ( 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ); its lessons have international value. TAC has prepared a free online train-the-trainer guide on how to use its training materials. Operations managers may wish to use some of the training materials produced by the American Public Works Association or identified by the NLTAPA listserv as resource materials for trainers or an FHWA videotape on anti-icing training, the National Highway Institute Road Weather Management Course, the MPCA Road Salt Education Program or investigate commercial software such as WRMS by Enera International. Additional materials or customer services may be available from your salt supplier. Note our disclaimer.
The Transportation Research Board, part of the National Academies of Science, has incorporated the latest and best test results measuring 42 different deicing chemicals on the three key variables: how well they perform in melting snow and ice, how they impact the full range of environmental receptors and how they affect roadway and bridge structures. The full research report, however, is only the start.
You can get an idea of the functional value of this work from the Salt Institute brochure, Weighing Your Deicer Choice. If you would like to actually use the Material Selection Decision Tool software, it can be downloaded from the TRB website, of from the Salt Institute website. Download the attached file, double click to see the contents, and click on setup.exe to install the program.
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